CET4词汇

  CET4词汇

CET4(2003)词汇  第1课

词汇错6个以内

Jump for the sun, at least you land on the moon.目标定的高一点有好处

4200单词要求对于4级考试，高三毕业是1800个单词

我喜欢这里： I like here.    Right: I like it here.

注意生活中的英语：Nike胜利女神，名字起的不错

答案总在相似中，如果有三个一样，基本上就在其中了

consequently, constantly, continuously, consistently

constant temperature 恒温

constant policy一贯的政策

heavy rain, light rain

E.g.: I hate people who ()the end of a film that you haven't seen before. (15)

    revise, reveal(选), rewrite, reverse

E.g.: There were no tickets () for Friday's performance.(1)

   preferable, possible, considerable, available.(选)

E.g.: It is our () policy that we will achieve unity through peaceful means (55)

    consistent, considerate, constant(选)

2。构词法：

ly不全是形容词  friendly, lonely, lovely, likely, lively

否定前缀 un- dis- in- im-

take a liking for喜欢，对什么产生好感

CET4(2003)词汇  第2课

3。近意词：

E.g.: There were some (artificial) flowers on the table, (5)

unreal 不真实的（不是真实世界所有的，虚幻的）

false有欺骗性的，假的，伪造的

false coin/passport false hair a false tooth

ends justify means不择手段

unnatural不自然的，人的举止造作的

artificial人造人为 artificial leather 人造皮 genuine leather

E.g.: When people become unemployed, it is () which is often worse than lack of wages. (52)

laziness, idleness(选), poverty, inability

E.g.: A lot of ants are always invading my kitchen. They are a thorough

    nuisance, worry, trouble, anxiety???????????

4搭配关系：

extent to... extent 

object, object to doing, objection to doing

5形相近，意思远

In Britain, the best season of the year is probably () spring

Late, latter, last, later时间概念上后一半的，某个世纪的后半期

late spring晚春

E.g.: Some people would like to do shopping on Sundays since they expect to   pick up wonderful () in the market (52)

batteries baskets bargains(选) barrels

It is really a bargain.你真会买东西，不是说真便宜

He is second to none.第一

It wasn't such a good dinner () she had promised us.

That, as, which, what 选as

双宾语动词

v+sb+sth

sb+be+pp+sth

sb+be()+sth空格为双宾语动词

E.g.: American women were () the right to vote until 1920 after many years of hard   struggle. (6)

ignored refused neglected denied选D  deny sb sth

superman batman 

superwomen大款，只排TOP50，后来排到500，为了人际关系

E.g.: all () is a continuous supply of the basic necessities of life

    what is needed, the thing needed, for our needs, that is needed（选）

all后面用that, all that=what

They lose their health to make money, and they lose their money to restore health。

specialist 和 expert 有区别

E.g.: He must have had an accident, or he () then.（2）

   would have been here(选), should be here, had to be here, would be here

must have+pp表示对过去行为的肯定推测

与过去事态相反用：情态动词+have+pp选A

must 反意needn't, don't have to 

shouldn't have done本不应该，本不应当

It was essential that the applications forms (send) back before the deadline. (2)

it be essential that 后面用虚拟语气，(should)+do

We () our breakfast when an old man came to the door.

just have had, just had, have just had, had just had

when表示刚。。就。。；恰在此时；当

P16-44，P28-45

CET4(2003)词汇  第3课

特殊动词

forget   remember  

to do 将要进行的行为 忘记做什么事情

doing已经做过的事情  忘记做过什么事情

offer:  双宾语offer sb.sth, offer to do sth

动名词复合结构：凡是动词后面可以加动名词，就可以加动名词复合结构。动作发出者+动名词

       当动作发出者名字给出时：名词所有格+动名词

       当动作发出者重复提过用代词的时候，形容词物主代词（宾格）+动名词

所以e.g.: I remember () to help us if we ever got into trouble。 (10)

        once offering, him to offer, him once offering

want:  want to do sth想做什么事情

       want doing客观需要或缺乏

E.g.: your hair wants () you'd better have it done tomorrow. (17)

    cut, to cut, cutting, being cut.选cutting

    want doing 一般表示被动doing.P109-18

mean:  mean to do sth打算做什么事情

       mean doing 意味着；。。。的意思是。。。P98-337

E.g.: there's a man at the reception desk who seems very angry and I think he means () trouble (33)

    making, to have made, to make, having made

感官动词watch, see, hear +n(代词)+done/doing

E.g.: the children went there to watch the iron tower ()(2)

    to erect, erecting, be erected, being erected (XUAN)

give up放弃, give in屈服，让步   give away泄露，走漏风声；新郎的父亲把新娘手交给新郎的过程；赠送礼品   give off释放，放出（烟和气体）

keep sb+分词

inform sb of sth通知人事情

fight with sb, I fight with him和他打起来了， I fight with him against her.我和他并肩对付她

fight with a gun用枪打，

fight for为什么而战

all in all总而言之： in a word, in short, in conclusion, to sum up.

above all首先，尤其是

after all 毕竟终究

overall全面的，总体的

now that既然，由于, in that因为, except that除。。。之外

regret doing后悔做过某事，（只要是过去的一般都用这个）regret to do sth遗憾的做某事

carry on坚持，继续

is supposed to do sth应该做什么事情

CET4(2003)词汇  第4课

increase to 80 percent增加到80%

increase by 60 percent增加了80%

take over接管接收， hand over移交，交出

get over克服，战胜。

once more再来一个（不正式）  vravo再来一个（正式）法语

as soon as所引导的时间状语从局与主句时态搭配可以都用一般过去时

at heart 在内心　by nature生性，天性使然

confess忏悔，confess to承认，坦白

permit sb to do sth.permit doing

suggestion, suggest用虚拟语气

suggest doing也可以

sign， fact， evidence同谓语

or else否则，要不然

in the face of 面队

in the time of在，时期

in the event of万一 ，如果，

in the course of 在什么期间

would rather+v(原)

would rather+句子（虚拟语气，句子谓语用一般过去时）

CET4(2003)词汇  第5课

倒装

  倒装有全部倒装和部分倒装：

  谓语部分所有单词都放在主语前是全部倒装。

  谓语的一部分放在主语的前面是部分倒装

谓语的一部分指：

1。系动词；2。助动词。3。情态动词

全部倒装原则：

1. There be句型

2. There, now开头的句子，且句子谓语动词为come或go

3. Here be

4.以副词out in up down away开头的句子

例外:如果句子的主语是代词就用陈述语句

there you go again你又去那里了？Here you are.

5。状语开头的句子（地点状语）

部分倒装

1。so放在句首表示成前肯定。这个句子用部分倒装， nor neither也用部分倒装

2。省略了引导词if 的虚拟条件从局，可以把从局中的had, should, could, were中的任何一个提到从局的最前面构成部分倒装

３。as, though尽管的时候引导从局，从局中的表语可以放在引导词之前构成部分倒装。（考过去分词做表语的形式）

４。() as it was at such a time, his work attracted much attention. (26)

 being published, publishing, published, to be published

当提干是as引导一个从局，且as前为一个空格他表示的就是尽管，空格出填表语

正常语序，as it is published....

4.表示否定含义的单词或者短语放在句首，用部分倒装

  never, little, few, hardly (when), scarcely (when)

  seldom, nowhere, in no way决不, on no account决不, under no circumstances在任何情况下都不

５。only +状语放在句首，用部分倒装

 E.g.: only under special circumstances () to take make-up tests (16)

    permitted are freshmen, freshmen are permitted, are freshmen permitted（选）, are permitted freshmen.

6.固定表达形式，come what may无论什么情况，　

 　　　　　　　 say what you will畅所欲言

强调句式的补充内容：强调抽象概念，比如说是强调词是疑问词

E.g.: when I try to understand () that prevents so many Americans from being as happy as one might expect, it seems to me that there are two causes. (39)

why it does, what it does, what it is, why it is

  强调部分it is what that prevents so many

  疑问what is it that prevents so....

appreciate 不能加句子，不能加动词原形

take sth into account考虑

take away, take up占据, take over, take in

got over it克服战胜，　get off, get away, get across

rapid pace of modern life现在生活快节奏

E.g.: San Francisco is usually cool in the summer, but Los Angeles rarely is (6)

see to负责做，处理，照料（某见事情，不接人）

be ashamed of不好意思的，羞愧的

do you supposed常做插入语

as for关于，至于

E.g.: five minutes earlier, （）we could have caught the last train (8)

and,表示结果，那么

只有两种情况，1。省略句＋and+句子（如题）

　　　　　　 ２。祈使句＋and+句子

E.g.: turn on the television or open a magazine and you () advertisements showing happy balanced families. (12)

Are often seeing, will often see, often see, have often seen

CET4(2003)词汇  第6课

E.g.: 45.By the end of this month, we surely () a satisfactory solution to the problem. (8)

have found, will be finding, will have found, are finding

如果一个句子的时间状语由by引导，时态用完成时态

 solution to a problem

take on responsibility承担责任

E.g.: we desire that the tour leader () us immediately of any change in plans. (9)

    inform, informs, informed, has informed

    desire要求，表示后面用虚拟语气should+原形动词

not surprisingly一点也不奇怪

vary from ...to.../between.... to...

E.g.: 50. It was a long time (before) the guards discovered what had happened (9)

P13-54

keep a watchful eye 密切主意，留神

far more than不只，远远是

turn up 没有接东西，出现，如果有东西表示调声音

turn in+宾语，上缴

turn out to be结果是

the sun rises in the east and sets in the west东升西落

as, which都可以引导非限定性定语从句，

which 只能放在该句后面，as可以前后都能放

P11-67 (AS) is known to the world, Mark Twain is....

at monthly/regular intervals

P33-23

be of具有某种性质，品质特点 she is more of a musician than her brother

take steps，take measures采取措施，采取行动

if only如果，要是...就好了，后面接的句子要用虚拟语气

1。如果表示与现在或将来相反，谓语动词用一般过去时体现虚拟语气，也可以用would+动词原形P35-17

2。如果表示与过去事实相反，位于用过去完成时体现虚拟语气

RECOMMEND推荐建议，用虚拟语气

wish 后面用虚拟语气，表示与过去相反用情态动词+have+动词过去分词

E.g: 45 I wish I () longer this morning, but I had to get up and come to class. (12)

      have slept, slept, might have slept, could have slept(选)

otherwise, or等表示否则后面用虚拟语气

E.g.: 46 we didn't know his telephone number, otherwise we () him. (12)

      had telephoned, must have telephoned, would telephone, would have telephoned (xuan)

       介词+which+动词不定式，整体做定语

E.g: 50 you will want two trees about ten feet apart, from () to suspend your tent. (12)

    there, them, where, which (选)

可改写为you will want two tress about ten feet apart, to suspend your tent from.

只要有介词摆在空格之前，选项是which, them ,there ,where肯定是which

many没有修饰其他词的时候单独出现表示很多人

until recently知道最近 

under threat (P13)

that可以引导主语从句，但只做引导词不做任何成分

英语中一个名词修饰另外一个名词第一个名词要用单数apple trees eye drops

几个词修饰同一个名词的时候顺序是:

1.定惯词the放在最前面

2.数词第二

3.最后考虑其他形容词

E.g: 57. Radio, television and press () of conveying news and information. (13)

       are the most three common means

       are the three most common means(选)

       are the most common three means

       are three the most common means

break out the fire发生火灾，爆发

make up for弥补

go after追求，设法得到

go into谈论，叙述

go for袭击；支持

go on继续P13-61

out of reach/ within reach

look 主观有意识的看，view风景，景色；视野

sight看见，不强调主客观

tame驯服

breed强调繁殖，侧重大批量繁殖

CET4(2003)词汇  第7课

主谓一致：

1.就近原则：or, either or, neither nor, not only but also, not but

疑问句情况：

E.g: 10 (Is) either he or his accountants going to claim for the loss?

are, where, is ,does,离的近

2.句子谓语动词一定用复数：

A。集合名词做主语，集合名词没有复数形式，因为他本身就是一个复数概念（people, police, cattle, poultry)

B。表示数量的复数名词+不可数名词，整体做主语时

E.g.: Eight million tons of coal were exported.

3.谓语动词用单数

A。句子的主语是由从句充当的、动词不定式、动名词短语

B。表示时间、重量、长度、价值四方面做主语

C。表示单数概念主语，短语，（谓语动词）此时谓语动词用单数

其中短语=当如下标志性介词或介词短语出现的时候可以不管其中的内容（with, together with, like, except, besides, in addition to, rather than, as well as）

注意：表示复数概念的主语，短语，谓语动词，此时谓语动词用复数

D。each, every, either, some, any, no由这些词构成的复合代词做主语时，谓语用单数

   复合代词:something, somebody, someone

           nothing, nobody, no one

           either of+短语

E。通常由and连接两部分用这种形式做主语谓语动词要用复数，但在以下两种情况下用单数

   and两部分指同一事物

   and两部分被no, each, every中任何一个修饰的时候

E.g.: Every man and every woman is supposed to dress properly.

F。 E.g.: 11.Many an airplane () in the exhibition (113)

    are shown, has been shown（选）, has shown, show them

    many a(an)=many+可数名词单数做主语，谓语用单数

combination to the safe保险箱密码

securities有价证券

tourist attraction旅游胜地

blind date两人第一次见面的约会

date表示异性之间的私人约会

you've got a mail一个外文书，一个玫瑰化，以前是用人民日报

mind 后加动名词

New World美洲大陆

E.g.: The sale usually takes place outside the house, with the audience () on benches, chairs or boxes. (54)

    having, seated选, seating, seated, having been seated

seat 是及物动词，后面要有宾语，所以这个题后面没有宾语，只能是被动

英国人不砍价，美国人砍价，中国人砍的凶

有个人在国外买的一套餐具，2000美金，有点小资，传说是什么宫里的

wear是不及物动词，没有被动

transform, transport, transfer, transmit，transplant

E.g.: Some diseases are transmitted by certain water animals. (55)传播

would rather+v原形

would rather+句子（句子谓语动词用一般过去时体现虚拟语气）

E.g.: 49. Wouldn't you rather your child () to bed early (55)

go , went(选), would go, goes

lasting impression永久的，持久的，不能是long impression

liberal 开朗的，心胸开阔的

insist on.../ insist that (虚拟语气，should+v.)

E.g: 53. We agree to accept () they thought was the best tourist guide (55)

whatever, whomever, whichever, whoever（选）

they thought是插入语，可以不看

CET4(2003)词汇  第8课

conflict冲突

relative merits相比较而言的优点

E.g.: 56. Although many people view conflict as bad, conflict is sometimes useful () it forces people to test relative merits of their attitudes and behaviors. (56)

by which, to which, in that(选), so that.句子的意思是：如果冲突以后能回家反省一下自己是好事情。

E.g.57. He is () about his chances of winning a gold medal in the Olympics next year. (56)

optimistic(选), optional , outstanding, obvious

optional courses选修课

outstanding-stand out,站起来，所以outstanding就是站出来的，突出的，优秀的

E.g.58. Sometimes I wish I () in a different time and a different place. (56)

be living, were living(选), would live, would have lived

wish 后用虚拟语气，与现在事实相反，wish后用一般过去时体现虚拟语气

E.g.59. The director was critical () the way we were doing the work. (56)

at, in, of(选)，with

be critical of 对...爱挑剔的，批评

E.g. In a sudden () of anger, the man tore up everything within reach. (56)

attack, burst(选), split, blast

burst可以与很多词搭配表示突然发作

1。能与人的情绪。2。能与掌声，笑声搭配

E.g.61。（） she realized it was too late to go home.(56)

no sooner it grew dark than, no sooner 在句首要用部分倒装

hardly did it grow dark that， hardly...when搭配

scarcely had it grown dark than， scarcely与when搭配

it was not until dark that（排除剩下，选）

E.g.62。In Britain people () four million tons of potatoes every year. (56)

swallow, dispose, consume, exhaust

dispose去掉，处理，安排

exhaust将资源消耗殆尽， 

E.g.65. She cooked the meat for a long time so as to make it () enough to eat. (56)

mild, slight, light, tender（选）

mild不辣的， hot辣的， extra hot极辣的。

light清淡的，容易消化的；点心松软的, muffin松饼，英国人喜欢吃，叫卖口号"muffin, lovely muffin, light muffin"

slight轻微的，少量的

tender肉嫩的

牛排steak[steik], rare三成熟（里面带血丝的）， 牙口得好；medium（媒体）七成熟的；well-done全熟的；medium rare五成熟

E.g.66. We take our skin for granted until it is burned () repair (57)

take sth. for granted把什么事当成理所当然的不重视

beyond(选)，for, without, under

certainly当然的，确定无疑的（主观思想浓）

insignificantly没有意义的，无足轻重的

comparatively

fundamentally根本的

for the sake of为了什么；为了什么的利益

E.g.70。Some women () a good salary in a job instead of staying home, but they decided not to work for the sake of the family. (57)

must make, should have made, would make, could have made（选）

与过去事实相反用：情态动词+have+动词过去分词

should have 表示本应该，出来工作不是本应该，而是有可能，所以不能选B

E.g.32. You cannot be (too) careful when you drive a car. (15)

very, too, so, enough

cannot too在。。。也不为过，越。。。越好

regardless of 不管，不顾

strength力量，体力，实力

capacity才能，才智（能力方面）

promote增进理解友谊等

promote better understanding增进理解

be accused of被指控，被职责

be charged with被指控

E.g.42. Had he worked harder, he () the exams. (16)

must have got through, could get through, would get through, would have got through（表示与过去相反，选）

had he worked harder,虚拟语气= if he had worked harder….

for +一段时间，谓语用完成时态

the aged and the sick一类人

E.g.46. When he arrived, he found (none but) the aged and the sick at home. (15)

nothing but, none other(只有这个能后面接人), none but, no other than 

none but只有，仅有

动词不定试做后肢定语用主动形式

contribute to对。。作出贡献

require with of sb要求某人做某事

even so即便如此，尽管如此，表转折一般

advisable用虚拟语气（should）+动词原形

E.g.56。（），a man who expresses himself effectively is sure to succeed more rapidly than a man whose command of language is poor.(18)

other things to be equal

were other things equal（虚拟语气=if other things were equal主句和从局都要用虚拟预期）

to be equal to other things

other things being equal（选，独立主格做条件状语）

意思是定量分析，影响人容易接近的因素很多，假设其他的都一样，就说语言语言表达能力

be convinced of深信，确信

stick to坚持，

strive for力求，拼命争取

不要什么事情不要力求完美：Don't strive for perfection.

it's no use+动名词， It's no use your/you telling me not to worry.(19)

E.g.P19-52一般日常语言，一般时

make for导致促成

E.g. 56。 She was glad that her success would () for the women who would follow. (20)

make things easier(选)

make it easier(it指代不明)

object to

carry传送，传输

fetch water打水

on +动词ing表示在什么之后

hardly more than不足，不到

matter:事物，事情

question有疑而问，并且有待回答

Q&A问与答

issue问题（强调政治方面的问题)

1999年前 Taiwan issue台湾问题

1999年以后, Taiwan question态度转变

may as well</